FACTORS OF MIGRATION OF POPULATION FROM ASIAN ARAB COUNTRIES INTO THE EU 

Agafoshin Maksim Mihailovich, Postgraduate student, Moscow State Pedagogical University (16 Kibalchicha street, Moscow, Russia), agafoshinmm@gmail.com

 314.74+911.3(53::4)

 10.21685/2307-9150-2017-2-7

Background. Modern Europe experiences the largest migration crisis since the World War II caused by the escalation of political unrest in Arab countries of Asia and North Africa. The choice of the region of Arab countries of Asia in the article is caused by the fact that it has been the migration flows from this region that have provoked the migratory crisis in Europe, introducing the main share of migrants in EU countries. The aim of the article is to identify factors causing an abrupt increase in the number of migrants from Asian Arab countries into the EU.
Materials and methods. A wide range of both general scientific and geographical methods were used in the study: analytical, statistical, demographic, comparative, descriptive. The research was based on the data of The International Organization for Migration, The United Nations, The European Border and Coast Guard Agency “Frontex”, Eurostat, World Bank.
Results. The article gives a detailed analysis of basic demographic and economic indicators allowing to identify the main factors of migration of the population of Asian Arab countries into the EU.
Conclusions. The research reveals that the migration of the population from Asian Arab countries into the EU is a complex of push and pull factors. The main push factors are the high demographic pressure, low level of economic development, political and religious persecution, civil wars in the territory of the region. The pull factors of migration into the EU are the high level of economic development and quality of life, supportive migration policy, providing for the provision of social benefits to refugees.

refugees, European migrant crisis, international migration, youth bulge, factors of migration.

1. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2016). International Migration Report 2015 (ST/ESA/SER.A/384). Available at: http:// www.un.org/en/ development/ desa/population /migration /publications /migrationreport  /d ocs/MigrationReport2015.pdf (accessed February 02, 2017).
2. Eurostat. Migration and migrant population statistics. Available at: http://ec.europa. eu/eurostat /statisticsexplained/index.php/Migration_and_migrant_population_statistics (accessed January 26, 2017).
3. Gorokhov S. A. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Ser. 5, Geografiya [Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 5, Geography]. 2012, no. 5, pp. 49–55.
4. Vishnevskiy A. G. Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost' [Social sciences and modern times]. 2011, no. 2, pp. 57–76.
5. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. Available at: http://www.un. org/en/development/desa/population /events/other/10/index.shtml (accessed November 20, 2016).
6. Gorokhov S. A. Geografiya v shkole [Geography at school]. 2009, no. 7, pp. 12–14.
7. World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. Volume II: Demographic Profiles. (ST/ESA/SER.A/380). Available at: http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/ WPP2015_Volume-II-Demographic-Profiles.pdf (accessed February 18, 2016).
8. World Bank, International Comparison Program database. GDP per capita, PPP (current international $). Available at: http://data.worldbank.org (accessed February 05, 2016).
9. Agafoshin M. M., Gorokhov S. A. Geografiya v shkole [Geography at school]. 2017, no. 1, pp. 24–29.
10. Agafoshin M. M. Faktory i strategii regional'nogo razvitiya v menyayushchemsya geopoliticheskom i geoekonomicheskom kontekste: materialy Mezhdunar. nauch. konf. (g. Groznyy, 20–25 sentyabrya 2016 g.) [Factors and strategies of regional development in a changing geopolitical and geoeconomic context: proceedings of the International sciencific conference (Grozny, 20th–25th September 2016)]. Rostov-on-Don: Izd-vo Yuzhnogo feder. un-ta, 2016, pp. 16–20.
11. Dmitriev R. V., Zakharov I. A. Geograficheskie issledovaniya molodykh uchenykh v regionakh Azii: materialy Vseros. molodezhnoy konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem (g. Barnaul, Belokurikha, 7–11 noyabrya 2016 g.) [Geographical research of young scientists in Asian regions: proceedings of the All-Russian youth conference with international participation (Barnaul, Belokuritkha, 7th–11th November 2016)]. Barnaul: Pyat' plyus, 2016, pp. 114–117.